This study examined the relationship between boda boda business and the enrollment rate of boys in secondary schools in Rukiga District, Uganda. The research adopted a cross-sectional survey design utilizing both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data were collected from 263 respondents, including boda boda operators, parents, school administrators, and education officials in Rukiga District. The study employed questionnaires and interview guides as primary data collection instruments. Results revealed a significant negative relationship between boda boda business involvement and boys' secondary school enrollment (r = -0.687, p < 0.001). The findings indicated that 58.3% of boys dropped out of secondary school to engage in boda boda operations, with income prospects being the primary motivating factor (72.4%). The study found that boys earned between UGX 15,000 to 50,000 daily from boda boda operations, which significantly influenced their decision to abandon formal education. Additionally, the research established that 64.2% of parents supported their sons' involvement in boda boda business due to immediate financial returns. The study concluded that the lucrative nature of boda boda business posed a substantial threat to boys' educational attainment in Rukiga District. Recommendations included the implementation of district-level policies restricting school-age children from operating boda bodas, establishment of educational support programs targeting vulnerable boys, community sensitization campaigns on the long-term benefits of education, and creation of alternative income-generating activities for families to reduce economic pressure on boys to engage in boda boda business prematurely