This study examined the conceptual evolution of patriotism and its role in political mobilization in the 21st century, with particular attention to how shifting socio-political environments have reshaped the meaning, expression, and utility of patriotic sentiment. Drawing on a cross-sectional survey design involving 412 respondents from diverse demographic backgrounds, the study investigated the structural relationships between patriotic identity, nationalist sentiment, media influence, civic engagement, and political mobilization. Data were collected using a structured, validated questionnaire encompassing Likert-scale items across six composite constructs. Analytical procedures employed included univariate descriptive statistics, bivariate Pearson correlation analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) estimated via Maximum Likelihood in AMOS 24.0. Descriptive findings revealed that patriotic identity scored highest among all measured constructs (M = 3.84, SD = 0.76), underscoring the continued salience of national identity in contemporary public consciousness. Bivariate correlations demonstrated strong, statistically significant positive associations between all study variables, with patriotic identity exhibiting the strongest correlation with political mobilization (r = 0.623, p < .001). SEM path analysis revealed that patriotic identity was the strongest direct predictor of political mobilization (β = 0.512, p < .001), followed by civic engagement (β = 0.334, p < .001). The overall SEM model demonstrated good fit (χ²/df = 1.87, CFI = 0.961, RMSEA = 0.046), confirming the structural validity of the hypothesized theoretical model. The study concluded that contemporary patriotism functions as a dynamic political resource capable of energizing civic participation and electoral mobilization when strategically cultivated through media and institutional channels. The study recommends institutional investment in constructive civic education, critical media literacy programs, and policy frameworks that distinguish constructive patriotism from exclusionary nationalism, so as to foster inclusive national identity and democratic political participation.