Abstract
This study examined the architecture of marital struggle through a gendered lens, focusing on patterns of disrespect, emotional withdrawal, and power dynamics in contemporary marriages in urban and peri-urban settings. Grounded in feminist theory, gender role theory, and conflict theory, the research employed a concurrent mixed-methods design involving 252 married individuals (127 husbands, 125 wives) drawn through purposive and snowball sampling. Quantitative data were collected via a structured Likert-scale questionnaire and subjected to univariate statistical analysis including means, standard deviations, frequency distributions, independent samples t-tests, chi-square tests, and Pearson correlation coefficients. Qualitative data were gathered through 20 in-depth interviews and 4 focus group discussions, and were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings revealed statistically significant gender differences across all three dimensions of marital struggle. Wives reported significantly higher experiences of disrespect, with a composite mean of 3.33 compared to 3.05 for husbands (t = -6.17, p < 0.001). Husbands demonstrated notably higher rates of emotional withdrawal, with 62.2% frequently refusing to discuss problems compared to 38.4% of wives (chisquare = 15.87, p < 0.001). Power imbalances were pronounced, with husbands dominant across financial decisionmaking (61.5%), sexual autonomy (58.7%), and household resource control (56.3%), yielding an overall power composite correlation of r = -0.47 (p < 0.001). Qualitative themes corroborated these findings, revealing deeply entrenched patriarchal norms, gendered socialisation, and structural inequalities as the root causes of marital dysfunction. The study recommended targeted gender-transformative couples counselling, policy integration of marital equality frameworks into national family law, and community-level sensitisation programmes. These findings contribute to the growing body of literature on gender and intimate partner relations and provide an empirically grounded basis for marital intervention policies.
Keywords
Marital struggle, gendered disrespect, emotional withdrawal, power dynamics, feminist theory, mixed methods, contemporary marriages