Background: Uganda's Generation Z (born 1997-2012) represents a critical demographic dividend for economic transformation, yet remains significantly underrepresented in business and agriculture sectors despite these sectors' centrality to national development. Traditional engagement approaches have yielded limited success, necessitating evidence-based strategies aligned with Gen Z's unique characteristics, motivations, and aspirations. Objective: This study examined effective strategies for attracting and engaging Ugandan Gen Z in business and agriculture sectors by identifying their motivations, assessing barriers, and developing tailored intervention approaches. Methods: A mixed-methods convergent parallel design was employed across five Ugandan regions (Central, Eastern, Western, Northern, and Kampala) between January-April 2024. The quantitative component involved 422 Gen Z participants (aged 18-28 years) selected through multistage sampling, calculated to provide 80% power to detect medium effect sizes. Data were collected using structured questionnaires assessing demographics, career preferences, motivations (5-point Likert scales), barriers, and sector perceptions. Qualitative data comprised 12 focus group discussions (n=96-120 participants) and 24 key informant interviews. Quantitative analysis utilized SPSS version 26 for descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey tests, factor analysis with principal component extraction, and multiple logistic regression to identify engagement predictors. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically using NVivo 12 following Braun and Clarke's framework, with triangulation employed to validate findings. Results: The sample comprised 50.9% males and 49.1% females, with 42.2% aged 22-25 years, 70.6% having tertiary education, and 70% either students or unemployed. Financial independence emerged as the strongest motivation (M= 4.47, SD = 0.68), followed by social impact (M = 4.23) and innovation opportunities (M = 4.15). Gender analysis revealed females experienced significantly higher perceptual barriers in agriculture (p = 0.002). Multiple logistic regression for business engagement (Nagelkerke R² = 0.312, 86.7% classification accuracy) identified access to startup capital (OR = 2.440, p < 0.001), financial independence motivation (OR = 1.988, p < 0.001), and mentorship availability (OR = 1.706, p = 0.003) as significant predictors. Agriculture engagement model (Nagelkerke R² = 0.428, 74.2% accuracy) revealed perception of agriculture as modern (OR = 1.844, p < 0.001), financially rewarding (OR =1.687, p < 0.001), and rural residence (OR = 2.083, p < 0.001) as strongest predictors, while education showed negative association (OR = 0.766, p = 0.031) and females had 38.7% lower odds of engagement (OR = 0.613, p = 0.009). Conclusion: Engaging Ugandan Gen Z requires differentiated, sector-specific strategies addressing both materialconstraints and perceptual barriers. Business sector engagement necessitates integrated financial-mentorship ecosystems, innovation support platforms, and entrepreneurship education targeting the 70.1% unemployed or studentpopulation. Agriculture engagement demands comprehensive modernization campaigns with technology integration, documented profitability evidence, gender-responsive programming, and educational reforms repositioning agriculture as prestigious career option. The contrasting educational gradients (positive for business, negative for agriculture, z = 3.67, p < 0.001) underscore the urgent need to transform agriculture's image among educated youth through demonstrable innovation and status elevation rather than traditional appeals.