This study examined the mediation effect of knowledge resources in the relationship between project complexity management and project performance in SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition), Yaka (prepaid water meter systems), and AMR (Automatic Meter Reading) projects. Using a quantitative research design, data were collected from 247 project managers and team members across 82 completed projects in the utility sector. Structural equation modeling revealed that knowledge resources significantly mediated the relationship between project complexity management and project performance (β = 0.428, p < 0.001). The findings demonstrated that project complexity management had a direct positive effect on project performance (β = 0.362, p < 0.001) and on knowledge resources (β = 0.517, p < 0.001). Knowledge resources positively influenced project performance (β = 0.428, p < 0.001). The indirect effect through knowledge resources was statistically significant (β = 0.221, p < 0.001), indicating partial mediation. The model explained 67.3% of the variance in project performance. Knowledge resources served as a critical mechanism through which project complexity management influenced project performance in technical utility projects. Organizations that effectively managed project complexity through structured approaches were better positioned to develop, capture, and utilize knowledge resources, which subsequently enhanced project outcomes in terms of schedule adherence, budget compliance, quality standards, and stakeholder satisfaction. Project managers should prioritize the establishment of knowledge management systems alongside complexity management frameworks. Organizations implementing SCADA, Yaka, and AMR projects should invest in knowledge repositories, facilitate cross-functional learning, and create communities of practice to maximize the benefits of complexity management initiatives.