According to Dr. Susan Okwakol, the auxiliary district health officer who also serves as the in charge of maternal and child health in Kumi district, pregnant teens account for 50% of the youngest female school dropouts in the municipality and are most prevalent in primary school girls (adolescent girls) despite the lockdown. She reported that they enrolled 1900 adolescents’ conceptions among January and September 2020 at various healthcare centers in the district. A descriptive survey design was used in the study. The investigation was carried out in Uganda's Kumi district's Kanyum sub-county. Instructors in chairperson positions, afflicted girls, and residents of the Kanyum sub-county made up the study's target group. 50 people were eligible to participate, and they were chosen because they are all impacted by the consequences of young pregnancy. Face-to-face interviews and self-administered questionnaires were used to gather information. The frequency distribution tables, proportions, and bar graphs were used to analyze the data. It was simple to determine that pregnant adolescents among school-age children are a major issue of concern to government agencies based on the data reported in this study and information gathered by previous investigators. Pregnancies among teenagers in Kanyum SubCounty, Kumi District, have an impact on how long students stay in school. This calls for coordinated efforts from every one of the stakeholders to implement initiatives that are intended to improve the wellbeing of students in classrooms. A key component of these initiatives may include educating parents and community members about the value of a schooling for the kids they have, which will ensure that students stay in school until they graduate. The current and future problems in the educational sector deserve to be taken into consideration while enforcing education laws. research.miu.ac.ug/publications 1730 METROPOLITAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH ISSN: 1813-4270 Vol. 2 Issue 3, June - 2023, Pages: 1730-1741

The major objective of this study lied in finding out whether there was a relationship between bush burning and ecosystem conservation in Nyakabande sub-county, Kisoro District. Other objectives included: To ascertain the extent of bush burning in Nyakabande sub-county, Kisoro District and to find out the level of ecosystem conservation in Nyakabande sub-county, Kisoro District. To achieve a sample size of eighty participants from Nyakabande Sub-County using Solvin's formula, the study used a basic random chance sampling technique using a descriptive and observational research design. According to the research, there was a 0.806 link between ecosystem preservation and avoiding bushfires. We came to the conclusion that there was a positive association between ecosystem protection and bush fire since the correlation coefficient was positive. This indicated that there was an opportunity for environmental preservation to grow along with an increase in the frequency or severity of bush burning. The possibility of finding the correlation coefficient by chance is indicated by the significance level, "Sig. (2-tailed)," which is displayed. In this case, the significance level was 0.000, which was less than the conventional threshold of 0.05. This demonstrated that the relationship between ecosystem preservation and bush fire was statistically significant at the 0.05 level. The null hypothesis, according to which there was no association between the two variables, was thus rejected. The investigator advised the government to give NEMA enough resources so that it can research.miu.ac.ug/publications 645 METROPOLITAN JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH RESEARCH ISSN: 1813-4270 Vol. 2 Issue 3, June - 2023, Pages: 645-662 oversee all wooded areas across the nation by enforcing stringent rules to safeguard trees from bush burning for future generations. To preserve ecosystems and the environment, the investigator advises farmers to use good farming practices including agroforestry and reforestation The farmers are also recommended to use electricity and biogas as forms of fuel energy for cooking and avoid using fire woods as fuel.

Petroleum businesses should implement efficient credit practices to reduce revenue leakages brought on by debtors who fail to make payments when they are due. The company would become and remain stronger if an efficient credit and collection procedure was established. This can be accomplished by looking at a company's whole cash cycle and designing processes that provide credit responsibly, monitor your accounts receivables and quickly collect past-due payments. Effective credit policies will also specify the company's credit and collection policies, including whether they are liberal on credit and conservative on collections, intermediate on credit and conservative on collections, or conservative on credit and liberal on collections. According to the study's findings, community members view immunization programs as a reliable way to shield kids from infections. However, the problem was with the medical professionals who treated moms so severely. Despite the dearth of knowledge on the efficacy of the vaccines, they directed moms to trainers who caused children to suffer severe side effects while having little to no expertise providing immunization services. The report advised the federal government to hire enough medical personnel to address the issue of lengthy wait times, as well as buy and stock enough vaccines to allay worries about vaccine stock outs that result in vaccine postponement and return dates. Further research was suggested on the socioeconomic determinants of sporadic attendance of mothers for immunization of children under one year at Karungu Health Centre III and assessment of the status of research.miu.ac.ug/publications 1063 METROPOLITAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH ISSN: 1813-4270 Vol. 2 Issue 3, June - 2023, Pages: 1063-1081 cold chain maintenance to ascertain potency of vaccines in health facilities found in Karungu Sub-County.

The major objective of this study lied in finding out whether there was a relationship between cover crops and soil-water conservation in Kihihi sub-county, Kanungu district. Other objectives included: to find out the extent of planting cover crops by farmers in Kihihi sub-county, to find out the level of soil-water conservation in Kihihi sub-county The study employed a case study research design, cross-sectional, a qualitative and quantitative research designs and simple random probability sampling and purposive sampling techniques were used to obtain a sample size 80 respondents from Kihihi sub-county using solvin’s formula. Microsoft Excel was used to analyze the data, which was then displayed as frequency distribution tables and pie charts. The study's data were analyzed using SPSS software. The level of importance required to declare an important connection between cover crops and soil-water preservation is 0.01, and it was discovered that there is a significant positive correlation between cover crops and soil-water conservation at r = 0.864. This suggests that when the extent of establishing cover crops is high, the level of soil-water conservation is also high, and when the extent of establishing cover crops is low, the level of soil-water conservation is also low. The extent of planting cover crops by farmers in Kihihi subcounty was analyzed and interpreted using the mean which was 4.8400, the mean is close to code 5 of the Likert Scale, hence declaring a high extent of planting cover crops by farmers in Kihihi sub-county.

The major objective of this study lied in finding out whether there was a relationship between Disease and Death Rates in Muramba sub-county, Kisoro District. Other objectives included: To find out the level of Disease prevention in Muramba subcounty, Kisoro District and to find out the extent of Death Rates in Muramba subcounty, Kisoro District. The study adopted a descriptive and observational research design and simple random probability sampling technique were used to obtain a sample size of 80 respondents from Muramba sub-county using solvins formula. Data was analyzed by use of Microsoft excel and presented in form of graphs, frequency distribution tables and pie chart. SPSS Software was used to analyze data in the study. In Muramba Sub-County, there is a strong positive association between disease and death rates (r = 0.708). The study came to the conclusion that when disease rates are high, mortality rates are likewise high, and when disease transmission rates are low, death rates are also low. The investigator advised the authorities to supply tools and sufficient education to the populace so that they learn about the benefits of immunizing kids and are also encouraged to maintain good cleanliness in the area. The investigator urges the D.H.O. to make sure that every homestead has a VIP latrine in order to preserve proper garbage management in the Kisoro District.

The major objective of this study lied in finding out whether there was a relationship between Industrial Discharge and Water Quality of Lake Victoria in Kalangala District. Other objectives included: To establish the level of Industrial Discharge into Lake Victoria, Kalangala District and to find out the extent of Water Quality of Lake Victoria, Kalangala District. With the help of Solvin's formula, the study used a descriptive and epidemiological method of inquiry and a simple random chance method of sampling to collect data from a sample of eighty participants near Lake Victoria in the Kalangala District. Given that there was a substantial positive correlation between industrial emissions and water quality (r = 0.994), and that the sig. value (.000) was much lower than the threshold level of significance of 0.01, which was necessary to declare a significant connection between industrial discharge and water quality, this suggested that industrial discharge had a significant impact on the water cleanliness of Lake Victoria. The study's conclusion on this goal was that there is very little water quality overall, which is caused by a high rate of industrial discharge into Lake Victoria's waters. The third goal is to determine the connection between industrial discharge and Lake Victoria's water quality in Kalangala District. The link between industrial discharge and water quality is highly positive. The study came to the conclusion that individuals in this region engage in numerous practices that cause water quality issues, such as disposing of human waste, sewage, and plastics straight into Lake research.miu.ac.ug/publications 1012 METROPOLITAN JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH RESEARCH ISSN: 1813-4270 Vol. 2 Issue 3, June - 2023, Pages: 1012-1025 Victoria, which causes nutrient enrichment of water bodies and a decline in BOD. The researcher recommended the government to provide close supervision to industries in order not to dispose of industrial wastes directly into water bodies. K e y w o r d s : industrial discharge and water quality

The major objective of this study lied in finding out whether there was a relationship between land conflicts and productivity of small plots in Kisoro Municipality, Kisoro district. Other objectives included: To find out the forms of land conflicts experienced by smallholder farmers in Kisoro Municipality, Kisoro District and to establish the management strategies used by smallholder farmers to manage land conflicts in Kisoro District. To obtain a sample size of eighty participants from Kisoro Municipality using Solvin's formula, the study used a research methodology based on case studies, cross-sectional in qualitative, and quantitative research designs, as well as simple random probability sampling and intentionally selected procedures. At r = 0.775, it was discovered that there is a very strong positive correlation among land conflicts and small-lot worker efficiency. Since the sig. value (.000) was much lower than the threshold level of significance (0.01) needed to declare an important connection between land conflicts and small-lot productivity, this suggests that the intensity of land conflicts has a significant impact on small-lot effectiveness. The study found that the majority of those who participated in Kisoro municipality indicated that taking land by a brother or family member (40%) is the main cause of land dispute within the study area, followed by relocating the land's boundary (25%), grabbing land by a member of another clan (20%), and forced government land takeover of 15% of the participants. Local officials and other interested parties, particularly those at the district level, need to do a better job of handling property disputes and, when it's feasible, examine the laws, regulations, and policies relating to land. This can be done with research.miu.ac.ug/publications 1 METROPOLITAN JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH RESEARCH ISSN: 1813-4270 Vol. 2 Issue 3, June - 2023, Pages: 1093-1112 support from the Uganda Law Society, Uganda Land Board and the Ministry of Lands Housing and Urban Development. Such laws should clearly spell out the scope and nature by which land can be owned through inheritance.

The major objective of this study lied in finding out whether there was a relationship between Pollution and Organisms Extinction in Kisoro Municipality, Kisoro District. Other objectives included: To establish the level of Pollution in Kisoro Municipality, Kisoro District and to find out the extent of Organisms Extinction in Kisoro Municipality, Kisoro District. Using Solvin's method, eighty participants from the Kisoro Municipality and Kisoro District were chosen for the size of the sample being studied. The study utilized a descriptive and observational research design. Microsoft Excel was used to analyze the data, and graphs, distributions of frequencies tables, and pie charts were used to illustrate the results. The study's data were analyzed using SPSS software. According to the results, there was an extremely favorable correlation between pollution and the disappearance of organisms (r = 0.994), and since the sig. value (.000) was much lower than the threshold level of importance required to declare a significant connection between pollution and extermination of organisms (0.01), this meant that pollution had a substantial effect on extinction of organisms. Since the P-value (0.00) was less than 0.05, this was statistically noteworthy. As a result, we reject the idea of a null hypothesis and come to the conclusion that there was no connection between contamination and organism extinction in the Kisoro Municipality. These pollutants disrupt the life cycles of living things, such as earthworms as there and they also kill, mutate, and produce adaptive electromagnetic radiation in some research.miu.ac.ug/publications 876 METROPOLITAN JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH RESEARCH ISSN: 1813-4270 Vol. 2 Issue 3, June - 2023, Pages: 876-893 species, which leads to the extinction of the parent species. The researcher advised the government to establish well-guarded wildlife zones (game parks) in order to protect and preserve these species of plants and animals.

The major objective of this study lied in finding out whether there was a relationship between Population Growth and Sewage Disposal in Busukuma SubCounty, Wakiso district. Other objectives included: To find out the extent of Population Growth in Busukuma sub-county, Wakiso District and to find out the level of Sewage Disposal in Busukuma SubCounty, Wakiso District. The study employed a qualitative and quantitative research design and simple random probability sampling and purposive sampling techniques were used to obtain a sample size 80 respondents of from Busukuma SubCounty using solvin’s formula. Data was analyzed by use of Microsoft excel and presented in form of frequency distribution tables and pie chart. SPSS Software was used to analyze data in the study. Since the highest level of importance required to declare an important connection among population growth and sewage disposal was far less than 0.01, the investigator discovered that there is a significant positive correlation between population growth and sewage disposal at r = 0.798. This suggests that when the level in population improvement is high, the level of sewage elimination is projected to also be high, and when the level of population. The mean, which was 4.7400 and is close to code 5 of the Likert Scale, was used for evaluating and interpreting the rate of population increase in the Busukuma sub-county, indicating a high rate of population expansion.

The primary goals of the study were to determine the level of road infrastructure growth in the central division of Kisoro District, the level of agricultural output in the central division of Kisoro District, and to determine whether there is a connection between road buildings and agricultural production in the central division of Kisoro District. The study focused on the connection among road infrastructure and agricultural production in the Kisoro district. The comments were all grouped accordingly to their theme categories and the information they contained were evaluated for the qualitative information using content analysis techniques. Figures and tables were used for the presentation. Software from the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was employed to assist in data analysis. The results showed that the area's level of agricultural was high (17, 38.6%), very high (14, 31.8%), very low (9, 20.5%), and low (4, 9.1%). According to the investigation, there was a fairly strong correlation between road infrastructure and agricultural production in the area. These vital waterways supported agricultural growth and were an essential component of both the city and the region that served it. Road development should be prioritized for a comprehensive transformation of the land for farming in order to fully realize an area's possibility of farming, especially in the Kisoro district. All sorts of farmers should have enough access to markets thanks to a well-maintained road system that includes trunk highways, line roads, approach roads, and village roads.